处理@Cacheable异常导致服务不可用

项目中,使用@Cacheable进行数据缓存。发现:当redis宕机之后,@Cacheable注解的方法并未进行缓存冲突,而是直接抛出异常。而这样的异常会导致服务不可用。

原因分析

我们是通过@EnableCaching进行缓存启用的,因此可以先看@EnableCaching的相关注释

通过@EnableCaching的类注释可发现,spring cache的核心配置接口为:org.springframework.cache.annotation.CachingConfigurer

/**
 * Interface to be implemented by @{@link org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
 * Configuration} classes annotated with @{@link EnableCaching} that wish or need to
 * specify explicitly how caches are resolved and how keys are generated for annotation-driven
 * cache management. Consider extending {@link CachingConfigurerSupport}, which provides a
 * stub implementation of all interface methods.
 *
 * <p>See @{@link EnableCaching} for general examples and context; see
 * {@link #cacheManager()}, {@link #cacheResolver()} and {@link #keyGenerator()}
 * for detailed instructions.
 *
 * @author Chris Beams
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 3.1
 * @see EnableCaching
 * @see CachingConfigurerSupport
 */
public interface CachingConfigurer {

	/**
	 * Return the cache manager bean to use for annotation-driven cache
	 * management. A default {@link CacheResolver} will be initialized
	 * behind the scenes with this cache manager. For more fine-grained
	 * management of the cache resolution, consider setting the
	 * {@link CacheResolver} directly.
	 * <p>Implementations must explicitly declare
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean @Bean}, e.g.
	 * <pre class="code">
	 * &#064;Configuration
	 * &#064;EnableCaching
	 * public class AppConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
	 *     &#064;Bean // important!
	 *     &#064;Override
	 *     public CacheManager cacheManager() {
	 *         // configure and return CacheManager instance
	 *     }
	 *     // ...
	 * }
	 * </pre>
	 * See @{@link EnableCaching} for more complete examples.
	 */
	CacheManager cacheManager();

	/**
	 * Return the {@link CacheResolver} bean to use to resolve regular caches for
	 * annotation-driven cache management. This is an alternative and more powerful
	 * option of specifying the {@link CacheManager} to use.
	 * <p>If both a {@link #cacheManager()} and {@code #cacheResolver()} are set,
	 * the cache manager is ignored.
	 * <p>Implementations must explicitly declare
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean @Bean}, e.g.
	 * <pre class="code">
	 * &#064;Configuration
	 * &#064;EnableCaching
	 * public class AppConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
	 *     &#064;Bean // important!
	 *     &#064;Override
	 *     public CacheResolver cacheResolver() {
	 *         // configure and return CacheResolver instance
	 *     }
	 *     // ...
	 * }
	 * </pre>
	 * See {@link EnableCaching} for more complete examples.
	 */
	CacheResolver cacheResolver();

	/**
	 * Return the key generator bean to use for annotation-driven cache management.
	 * Implementations must explicitly declare
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean @Bean}, e.g.
	 * <pre class="code">
	 * &#064;Configuration
	 * &#064;EnableCaching
	 * public class AppConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
	 *     &#064;Bean // important!
	 *     &#064;Override
	 *     public KeyGenerator keyGenerator() {
	 *         // configure and return KeyGenerator instance
	 *     }
	 *     // ...
	 * }
	 * </pre>
	 * See @{@link EnableCaching} for more complete examples.
	 */
	KeyGenerator keyGenerator();

	/**
	 * Return the {@link CacheErrorHandler} to use to handle cache-related errors.
	 * <p>By default,{@link org.springframework.cache.interceptor.SimpleCacheErrorHandler}
	 * is used and simply throws the exception back at the client.
	 * <p>Implementations must explicitly declare
	 * {@link org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean @Bean}, e.g.
	 * <pre class="code">
	 * &#064;Configuration
	 * &#064;EnableCaching
	 * public class AppConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {
	 *     &#064;Bean // important!
	 *     &#064;Override
	 *     public CacheErrorHandler errorHandler() {
	 *         // configure and return CacheErrorHandler instance
	 *     }
	 *     // ...
	 * }
	 * </pre>
	 * See @{@link EnableCaching} for more complete examples.
	 */
	CacheErrorHandler errorHandler();

}

该接口errorHandler方法可配置异常的处理方式。通过该方法上的注释可以发现,默认的CacheErrorHandler实现类是org.springframework.cache.interceptor.SimpleCacheErrorHandler

/**
 * A simple {@link CacheErrorHandler} that does not handle the
 * exception at all, simply throwing it back at the client.
 *
 * @author Stephane Nicoll
 * @since 4.1
 */
public class SimpleCacheErrorHandler implements CacheErrorHandler {

	@Override
	public void handleCacheGetError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key) {
		throw exception;
	}

	@Override
	public void handleCachePutError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key, Object value) {
		throw exception;
	}

	@Override
	public void handleCacheEvictError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache, Object key) {
		throw exception;
	}

	@Override
	public void handleCacheClearError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache) {
		throw exception;
	}
}

SimpleCacheErrorHandler类注释上说明的很清楚:对cache的异常不做任何处理,直接将该异常抛给客户端。因此默认的情况下,redis服务器异常后,直接就阻断了正常业务

解决方案

通过上面的分析可知,我们可以通过自定义CacheErrorHandler来干预@Cacheable的异常处理逻辑。具体代码如下:

public class RedisConfig extends CachingConfigurerSupport {

    /**
     * redis数据操作异常处理。该方法处理逻辑:在日志中打印出错误信息,但是放行。
     * 保证redis服务器出现连接等问题的时候不影响程序的正常运行
     */
    @Override
    public CacheErrorHandler errorHandler() {
        return new CacheErrorHandler() {
            @Override
            public void handleCachePutError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache,
                                            Object key, Object value) {
                handleRedisErrorException(exception, key);
            }

            @Override
            public void handleCacheGetError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache,
                                            Object key) {
                handleRedisErrorException(exception, key);
            }

            @Override
            public void handleCacheEvictError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache,
                                              Object key) {
                handleRedisErrorException(exception, key);
            }

            @Override
            public void handleCacheClearError(RuntimeException exception, Cache cache) {
                handleRedisErrorException(exception, null);
            }
        };
    }

    protected void handleRedisErrorException(RuntimeException exception, Object key) {
        log.error("redis异常:key=[{}]", key, exception);
    }
}


原文:Spring @Cacheable - redis异常不影响正常业务方案 - 掘金
作者: 神农L